Dirty Frag is a vulnerability in Linux that allows an attacker to gain higher access or permissions than they are normally allowed on the system This vulnerability was disclosed earlier than planned due to an embargo break, which means information about the vulnerability was released publicly before the agreed-upon disclosure date. It’s a part of Linux kernel page cache exploits — following Dirty Pipe (2022) and Copy Fail (earlier this year). What are Linux kernel page cache exploits? The page cache in Linux is a system memory area where frequently accessed file data is temporarily stored. It speeds up file operations because reading from memory is faster than reading from disk. However, if an attacker can manipulate the page cache …
Linux
Modern applications run on complex stacks like containers, orchestration layers, cloud instances, microservices,all competing for memory. When memory pressure becomes critical, Linux activates a last-resort mechanism called the Kernal OOM Killer (Out-Of-Memory Killer). In production, this often shows up as a sudden crash with little warning, leaving engineers scrambling to understand what went wrong. Let’s break down what the Kernal OOM Killer really is, why it triggers, and how to prevent it. What Is the Kernal OOM Killer? The Linux kernel manages system memory. When available RAM and swap are exhausted, the kernel has no choice but to free memory. Instead of freezing the system, it kills one or more processes to recover space. This mechanism is known as the …
After reinstalling Debian—whether version 10 (Buster) or 11 (Bullseye)—one of the most common headaches is losing your network configuration. If your setup uses bonded interfaces (LACP / 802.3ad) for redundancy, the reload wipes out all those settings. The system comes up, but there’s no proper connectivity until bonding is restored. This guide walks through the exact steps we follow at SupportPRO to bring the network back up after a reload, get the bonds working again, and make sure SSH is accessible. This process is crucial for server performance, high availability, and Linux network configuration.
When a mail server stops accepting connections or mail flow becomes intermittent, the problem can come from many layers: DNS, network, firewall, mail server software (Zimbra, Postfix), TLS certificates, or even system resources. This guide walks through practical, step-by-step troubleshooting techniques for Zimbra and Postfix connection issues, shows commands you can run immediately. This blog gives you a detailed guide to troubleshoot similar issues. If facing trouble in receiving mail from outside, you need to find out where the message is failing. While sending test message, you need to check the Log Files, in /var/log/zimbra.log, on your MTA server. You can use “tail” command to the logs on the server. 1) Initial checks to perform – You need to check …
How to Enable and Configure Network Bonding in Linux – A Step-by-Step Guide
Network bonding is a method used to combine multiple network interfaces into a single virtual interface, often to provide redundancy, improve network throughput, or load balance traffic across multiple interfaces. This technology is particularly useful in high-availability systems or environments that require higher network performance. In Linux, network bonding is implemented through the bonding kernel module, which allows multiple physical network interfaces to appear as a single logical interface. This guide explains how to enable and configure network bonding on a Linux system. The steps include loading the bonding module, creating a bonded interface, and configuring bonding options based on the network requirements. 1. Prerequisites Before configuring network bonding, you need to ensure that: The Linux system has multiple network …
NSclient++ is an agent which can be used to monitor Windows devices. Using this agent we can monitor system metrics, services, and processes on the target machine using the Windows Server configuration Wizard. This agent must be installed on the target Windows Machine/Server. In this scenario, Nagios core is installed on a CentOS machine. Part A Please follow the steps below to install the agent. Windows Monitoring Agent installation: NSClient++ Log on to the Windows target server and download the latest version of NSClient++ software as per the system Architecture. Link for download: https://nsclient.org/download/ Step 1 : Once downloaded the package. Double click on the installer. You will see a setup wizard like below and click on Next button to …
Linux automatically uses available RAM for disk caching to improve performance. However, during troubleshooting, benchmarking, or memory-related issues, you may need to manually clear cache in Linux without rebooting. This guide explains how to safely clear: Using the vm.drop_caches kernel parameter via the sysctl command. Understanding Linux Cache Memory Linux uses three primary types of cache: Cache Type Description Page Cache Stores file data to speed up disk reads Dentries Directory entry cache Inodes Metadata about files This caching improves performance. Clearing it unnecessarily can temporarily reduce system efficiency. When Should You Clear Cache in Linux? Clearing cache is useful when: Note: On production systems, clearing cache may temporarily degrade performance. How to Clear Cache in Linux Without Rebooting Step …
CentOS-7 is now powered by version 3.10.0 of the Linux kernel, with advanced support for Linux Containers and XFS (is a high-performance 64-bit journaling file system) as the default file system. It’s also the first version of CentOS to include the systemd management engine, the firewalld dynamic firewall system, and the GRUB2 boot loader. CentOS 7 supports 64 bit x86 machines. MySQL has been switched with MariaDB. 1. Systemd Systemd units : Systemd file locations: Directory Description /usr/lib/systemd/system/ Systemd file distributed with installed RPM package /run/systemd/system/ Systemd unit file created at run time. /etc/systemd/system/ Systemd unit file created and managed by the system administrator Comparison of the service utility with systemctl service systemctl Description service name start systemctl start name.service …
Getting Started with Ansible AWX: Complete Setup and Configuration Guide
Ansible is a popular automation tool based on Infrastructure as Code (IaC), used for provisioning infrastructure, managing virtual machines, and deploying applications across environments. It simplifies tasks such as configuration management, cloud provisioning, and service deployment. Ansible AWX is the open-source, community-driven version of Ansible Tower. It serves as a web-based interface and automation hub that makes managing Ansible workflows easier. AWX is often used in lab environments, proof-of-concept setups, and testing scenarios, and it forms the foundation for the enterprise-grade Ansible Tower. Why Use Ansible AWX? Ansible AWX enhances the usability of Ansible by providing a centralized platform for automation tasks. Some key advantages include: AWX helps streamline automation processes while maintaining flexibility and scalability. Key Concepts in Ansible …
CyberPanel Migration
CyberPanel is a modern, fast, and secure hosting control panel powered by OpenLitespeed. CyberPanel provides a graphical interface for Linux server management, and a one-click installation of LSCache, WordPress, Prestashop, Joomla, and git. It automates the initial setup for components like DNS, Mail service, and SSL certificates to reduce the time it takes to get set up for hosting. CyberPanel is free and Opensource running on the OpenLiteSpeed web server and can add multiple domains. CyberPanel arrives in two versions CyberPanel and CyberPanel Ent. This article focus on steps to perform Migrations with CyberPanel. CyberPanel to CyberPanel Migration If you need to transfer your website between two CyberPanel without losing any data, follow these steps. Backup Creation | Source server …